The upper arm (humerus) is attached at an approximate right angle to the shoulder line with forelegs dropping straight, perpendicular to the ground. The elbow joint is equidistant from the ground to the withers.

Out at the elbows is a serious fault because they are involved in trotting. Causes of out elbows are loaded shoulders (muscles under the shoulder blade too heavy) or the shoulder blade is too far forward on the chest.